玉龙雪山景区研学导游词
Yulong Snow Mountain Scenic Area - Educational Tour Script
一、景区概况 / SECTION 1: SCENIC AREA OVERVIEW
各位同学们，欢迎来到玉龙雪山！我是今天的导游，很高兴为大家服务。
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Yulong Snow Mountain! I'm your guide today, and I'm delighted to serve you.
玉龙雪山是我国纬度最低的有现代冰川分布的雪山，也是云南五大名山之一。它位于丽江古城北部，距离古城仅15公里。
Yulong Snow Mountain is the southernmost snow mountain with modern glaciers in China and one of the five famous mountains of Yunnan. Located just 15 kilometers north of the Lijiang Ancient Town, it stands as a remarkable natural wonder.
【基本信息】 Mountain Specifications:
- 主峰扇子陡海拔：传统测量值5596米；2025年自然资源部公布最新官方高程为5590.2米
Main peak elevation: 5,596 meters (traditional measurement); the latest official elevation released by China's Ministry of Natural Resources in 2025 is 5,590.2 meters
- 山体南北绵延：35公里 / North-South length: 35 kilometers
- 东西横跨：约25公里 / East-West width: about 25 kilometers
- 山峰总数：13座 / Total peaks: 13
- 景区资质：国家5A级景区 / National 5A-level scenic area
- 景区面积：415平方公里 / Total area: 415 square kilometers
【山体特征】
这座山有个独特的名字由来：从远处看，主峰像一把打开的扇子，其余12座山峰连绵相接，就像一条通体莹润的玉龙横卧在天地之间，所以叫"玉龙雪山"。
The mountain gets its name from its distinctive appearance: the main peak resembles an open fan, while the other 12 peaks extend like a luminous jade dragon resting across the landscape.
【生态多样性】
玉龙雪山生物多样性极为丰富，随着海拔攀升，你将依次见到：
The mountain is incredibly biodiverse. As you ascend, you'll encounter:
- 20多个森林群落 / 20+ forest communities
- 雪线以上的苔藓、地衣等高山植物 / Alpine moss and lichens above the snowline
- 各类珍稀花卉：杜鹃、报春花、兰花 / Rare flowers: rhododendrons, primroses, and orchids
- 国家重点保护野生动物共50种，其中国家一级保护动物3种、二级保护动物47种
50 nationally protected wild animal species, including 3 first-class protected species and 47 second-class protected species
【人文历史】
历代众多知名人物都曾与这座圣山结缘：
Many famous historical figures have left traces related to this sacred mountain:
- 唐代南诏王异牟寻，册封玉龙雪山为云南五岳中的“北岳”
King Yimouxun of the Nanzhao Kingdom in the Tang Dynasty, who designated Yulong Snow Mountain as the "North Mountain" among Yunnan's five sacred mountains
- 明代旅行家徐霞客，曾遥望雪山并留下赞叹记述
Ming Dynasty traveler Xu Xiake, who admired the mountain from afar and left glowing records
- 美籍奥地利植物学家约瑟夫·洛克，曾长期在此开展植物考察
Austrian-American botanist Joseph Rock, who conducted long-term botanical research here
- 俄裔作家、学者顾彼得，曾旅居丽江并记录雪山风貌
Russian-born writer and scholar Peter Goullart, who lived in Lijiang and documented the mountain's scenery
- 中国台北故宫博物院前副院长、纳西文化研究学者李霖灿
Li Lincan, former vice president of the National Palace Museum in Taipei, China, and a leading scholar of Naxi culture
- 中国著名植物学家秦仁昌，曾在此开展植物区系研究
Qin Renchang, a renowned Chinese botanist who researched the local flora here
自古以来，玉龙雪山就是纳西族民众心中的圣山，被尊为民族保护神"三多"的化身。南诏时期，国王异牟寻效仿中原礼制册封云南五大名山，玉龙雪山位列其中，号为“北岳”。元世祖忽必烈敕封玉龙雪山山神为“大圣雪石北岳安邦景帝”。自明代起，纳西族对三多神的信仰与雪山崇拜深度融合，延续至今。
Since ancient times, Yulong Snow Mountain has been revered as a sacred mountain by the Naxi people and considered the embodiment of their protective deity "Sanduo". During the Nanzhao era, King Yimouxun designated it as one of Yunnan's five sacred mountains following the ritual system of the Central Plains, naming it the "North Mountain". Kublai Khan of the Yuan Dynasty conferred the title "Holy Snow Stone North Mountain Peace-Securing Emperor" on the mountain's deity. Since the Ming Dynasty, the Naxi people's belief in Sanduo has been deeply integrated with snow mountain worship and continues to this day.
二、甘海子 / SECTION 2: GANHAIZI MEADOW
各位同学，我们现在到达的是甘海子——玉龙雪山脚下的天然高山草甸。
Now we've arrived at Ganhaizi, a natural alpine meadow at the foot of Yulong Snow Mountain.
【地理特征】 Location and Features:
- 海拔高度：约3100米 / Elevation: about 3,100 meters
- 距丽江古城：约25公里 / Distance from Lijiang Ancient Town: approximately 25 km
- 草甸面积：长约4公里，宽约1.5公里 / Size: approximately 4 km long and 1.5 km wide
- 地形地貌：三面环山的高原草甸 / Topography: alpine meadow surrounded by mountains on three sides
【名字由来】
你们知道"甘海子"这个名字是怎么来的吗？原来这里曾经是一个高山冰蚀湖泊，后来因为雪线上升，积水减少，最终干涸了，所以人们就叫它"干海子"，后来讹传为"甘海子"。
Do you know how Ganhaizi got its name? It was originally a glacial lake, but as the snowline rose, the water gradually dried up—hence "dry lake" (干海子), which over time evolved into the more lyrical "sweet lake" (甘海子).
【生态景观】
这是一个典型的高山生态系统，具有以下特点：
This represents a typical high-altitude ecosystem with these characteristics:
四季草甸景观 / Four-season meadow landscapes:
- 春夏：碧草连天，山花浪漫 / Spring-summer: emerald grassland with blooming flowers
- 秋季：一片泛黄 / Autumn: golden hues
- 冬季：银装素裹 / Winter: snow-covered white landscape
丰富的植被：
- 原始云杉林 / Primeval spruce forests
- 低矮灌木林 / Low shrub forests
- 藏、彝、纳西族牧民的放牧地 / Grazing lands for Tibetan, Yi, and Naxi herders
野生动物：
- 脊椎动物300余种 / 300+ vertebrate species
- 国家一级保护动物：林麝、云豹、四川雉鹑 / First-class protected species: forest musk deer, clouded leopard, Sichuan monal
- 牦牛、羊群在草甸上悠闲漫步 / Yaks and sheep graze leisurely across the meadow
【最佳观景点】
在这里，我们可以清晰地看到玉龙雪山的全貌。特别是主峰扇子陡，在阳光下银光闪烁，十三座山峰由北向南依次排开，巍峨壮观。
From here, we have the best vantage point to see the entire Yulong mountain range. The main peak, shaped like an open fan, gleams in sunlight, with all 13 peaks stretching majestically from north to south.
三、大索道站 / SECTION 3: CABLE CAR STATION
各位同学，我们现在要乘坐玉龙雪山大索道，这是中国海拔最高的旅游客运索道之一。
Students, we're now boarding the Yulong Snow Mountain Cable Car, one of the highest-altitude tourist cable cars in China.
【索道基本信息】 Cable Car Specifications:
- 下部站海拔：3356米 / Lower station elevation: 3,356 meters
- 上部站海拔：4506米 / Upper station elevation: 4,506 meters
- 索道全长：2914米 / Cable car length: 2,914 meters
- 垂直高差：1150米 / Vertical rise: 1,150 meters
- 运力：每小时1200人 / Capacity: 1,200 people per hour
- 开放时间：7:30-16:00（旺季可根据客流微调） / Operating hours: 7:30 AM - 4:00 PM (subject to adjustment in peak season)
- 运行时间：单程约25-30分钟 / Riding time: approximately 25-30 minutes one way
【乘坐安全提示】 Before boarding, I need to remind you of important safety information:
健康提示 / Health recommendations:
- 高血压、心脏病、严重感冒者建议谨慎乘坐，高海拔环境可能诱发身体不适
People with hypertension, heart conditions, or severe colds are advised to ride with caution, as high altitude may cause discomfort
- 海拔快速攀升可能引起高原反应，请放缓行动节奏
The rapid altitude gain may cause altitude sickness; please move slowly and take it easy
着装建议 / Clothing recommendations:
- 厚实的保暖衣物必不可少 / Bring warm, thick clothing
- 备好防晒霜和太阳镜 / Sunscreen and sunglasses are essential
- 可按需准备便携式氧气瓶 / Optional: portable oxygen bottle if needed
【植被垂直分布】
乘坐索道上升的过程中，大家可以观察到植被的垂直分布变化。这是一个绝好的地理学习机会。
During the cable car ride, you'll observe the vertical distribution of vegetation—an excellent opportunity to study geographical zonation.
从海拔3000米到4000米以上：
- 3000-3500米：原始云杉林、华山松、高山松 / 3,000-3,500m: primeval spruce, Huashan pine, alpine pine
- 3500-4000米：高山灌木和草本植物 / 3,500-4,000m: alpine shrubs and herbaceous plants
- 4000米以上：苔藓植物和地衣 / Above 4,000m: mosses, lichens, and alpine vegetation
- 4500米以上：永久冰雪带 / Above 4,500m: permanent ice and snow zone
四、冰川公园 / SECTION 4: GLACIER PARK
各位同学，欢迎来到冰川公园！这里是玉龙雪山现代冰川的典型代表。
Welcome to Glacier Park! This is where you'll see the typical features of Yulong's modern glaciers.
【冰川基本知识】 Glacier Information:
玉龙雪山拥有北半球纬度最低的现代冰川，其中白水一号冰川约形成于4万年前。
Yulong Snow Mountain features the southernmost glacier in the Northern Hemisphere. The most famous one, Baishui No. 1 Glacier, formed approximately 40,000 years ago.
- 最著名的冰川：白水一号冰川 / Most famous glacier: Baishui No. 1 Glacier
- 冰川长度：约2.7-2.9公里 / Glacier length: about 2.7-2.9 kilometers
- 冰川形成时间：约四万年前 / Formation period: around 40,000 years ago
【主要景观】 Scenic Features:
- 冰塔林 / Ice Towers: 被赞誉为"绿雪奇峰"，是冰川运动后形成的独特地貌。从远处看，这些冰塔像一块块巨大的冰翡翠，镶嵌在嶙峋的怪石之间，非常壮观。
Praised as "green-snow strange peaks," these are unique landforms created by glacier movement. From afar, they resemble enormous ice emeralds embedded among jagged rocks.
- 冰原 / Ice Field: 在海拔4506至4800米的雪域里，辽阔的冰原景象令人叹为观止。
The vast ice fields between 4,506 and 4,800 meters in elevation present a breathtaking landscape.
- 雪崩现象 / Avalanches: 在晴朗的夏天，我们有时能看到壮美的雪崩景象——冰雪奔涌而下，轰然喷泻，漫天飞舞。
On clear summer days, you may witness spectacular avalanches as ice and snow cascade down with thunderous force.
【季节特色】 Seasonal Characteristics:
- 冬春季节：茫茫雪原，银妆素裹，是优质的高山滑雪、戏雪场地
Winter-spring: pristine snowfields — a premium high-altitude destination for skiing and snow play
- 夏秋季节：可观赏四万年前形成的白水一号冰川，欣赏冰塔林奇景
Summer-autumn: view the 40,000-year-old Baishui No. 1 Glacier and marvel at ice tower formations
【四季滑雪场】
这里建有中国海拔最高的四季滑雪场之一：
This area features one of China's highest-altitude year-round ski resorts:
- 海拔：4506米 / Elevation: 4,506 meters
- 特色：全国海拔最高的滑雪场之一 / Feature: one of China's highest ski resorts
- 活动：全年可开展滑雪体验 / Activity: year-round skiing experience available
【地质学知识】
从地质学角度看，冰川公园还保留着四期更新世古冰川作用的遗迹。这里分布着类型齐全、多样化的冰川地貌，是研究冰川地貌和气候变化的重要场所。
From a geological perspective, the park preserves traces of four periods of Quaternary glaciation. Its diverse glacial landforms make it a crucial site for studying glacial geomorphology and paleoclimate change.
五、蓝月谷 / SECTION 5: BLUE MOON VALLEY
各位同学，现在我们来到了蓝月谷——一处因其清澈如镜的湖水而闻名的景区。
Now we visit Blue Moon Valley, famous for its crystal-clear, mirror-like lakes.
【名字由来】 Origin of the Name:
蓝月谷最初叫"白水河"，因为河床和台地都由灰白色的大理石和石灰石碎块组成。后来，因为这里的景色与英国作家詹姆斯·希尔顿所著《消失的地平线》中描写的"蓝月亮山谷"意境相似，所以被改名为"蓝月谷"。
Originally called "White Water River" due to its limestone and marble riverbed, it was renamed "Blue Moon Valley" for its resemblance to the fictional valley in James Hilton's *Lost Horizon*.
【水源和形成】
这些清澈的河流是怎么形成的呢？
Where does this pristine water come from?
蓝月谷的水源于玉龙雪山冰川的万古冰雪消融。冰雪融水沿着峭壁流淌而下，不断汇集为山涧和溪流，最终在上游深谷之中形成了清澈见底、甘冽无比的河流。
The water originates from glacial meltwater from the eternal snows of Yulong. As meltwater cascades down the cliffs, it converges into mountain streams, eventually forming crystal-clear, pure rivers in the deep valleys above.
【四大景观湖泊】 Four Scenic Lakes:
玉龙雪山管委会于2006年投资开发了蓝月谷景点，建设了6个景观拦砂坝，形成了近26万立方米的水体，打造了四大景观湖泊。
In 2006, the Yulong Snow Mountain Administration developed the Blue Moon Valley site, building 6 scenic check dams to create a water body of nearly 260,000 cubic meters, forming four major scenic lakes.
-玉液湖 / Jade Liquid Lake
特色：水质最清澈，蓝色湖水中倒映着玉龙雪山，宛如山水画卷
Feature: Clearest waters reflecting Yulong Snow Mountain — like a beautiful landscape painting
-镜潭湖 / Mirror Pool Lake
特色：湖面如镜，小巧玲珑，恬静幽美
Feature: Mirror-like surface, intimate and serene
诗意写照："湖光秋月两相和，潭面无风镜未磨"
Poetic essence: "When lake light and moon merge as one, the still water lies like an unpolished mirror"
蓝月湖 / Blue Moon Lake
特色：被繁茂绿树环绕，水色碧绿透彻
Feature: Surrounded by lush green vegetation, with brilliant blue-green waters
体验：游客可以在绿荫下沿湖漫步，感受清凉水汽
Experience: Visitors can stroll along the shore in the shade and enjoy the cool mist
听涛湖 / Sound of Waves Lake
特色：湖水落差较大，溪流泻过如飞瀑
Feature: Significant elevation change creates waterfall-like cascades
声景观：水流冲击发出清脆声响，宛如丝竹琴音
Acoustic feature: Produces melodious sounds like traditional string and wind instruments
【水质科学】
湖水呈现出独特的蓝色和绿色，这是因为湖水中含有大量的矿物质和冰川泥（冰川粉）。这些细小的矿物颗粒散射光线，使得光线以蓝色和绿色波长优先透射，这是一种典型的光学散射现象。
The lakes' distinctive blue and green hues result from glacial flour—fine mineral particles suspended in the water. These particles scatter light, allowing primarily blue and green wavelengths to pass through, a classic optical scattering phenomenon.
【生态保护】
蓝月谷不仅是旅游景区，还是重要的生态保护区。这里的生态系统对于维持玉龙雪山的水文循环和气候调节起着重要作用。
Blue Moon Valley is not only a tourist destination but also an important ecological reserve. Its ecosystem plays a crucial role in maintaining the hydrological cycle and climate regulation of Yulong Snow Mountain.
六、云杉坪 / SECTION 6: YUNSHAN PING MEADOW
各位同学，我们最后来到的是云杉坪——这是一处充满神秘色彩、承载着纳西族深厚人文的景点。
Finally, we reach Yunshan Ping, a place steeped in Naxi cultural heritage and mythological significance.
【基本信息】 Basic Information:
- 海拔高度：3240米 / Elevation: 3,240 meters
- 位置：玉龙雪山东麓 / Location: Eastern slope of Yulong Snow Mountain
- 纳西语名称："游午阁" / Naxi name: "Youwu Pavilion"
- 别名：锦绣谷 / Alternative name: "Valley of Brocade"
- 索道开放时间：7:00-18:00 / Cable car hours: 7:00 AM - 6:00 PM
- 索道票价：55元/人（往返，含于景区通票内） / Cable car fare: 55 yuan per person (round trip, included in scenic area pass)
【地理生态特征】 Geographical and Ecological Features:
云杉坪景区集高原草甸、雪山冰川、原始森林于一体，具有四季变换的草甸景观和立体多层的风景结构。
The area combines alpine meadows, glaciated peaks, and primeval forests with four-season changing landscapes and multi-layered scenic structures.
植被特色 / Flora:
- 古老的云南云杉林（最高树龄达385年）/ Ancient Yunnan spruce (up to 385 years old)
- 华山松、高山松等垂直带谱植被 / Huashan pine and alpine pine in vertical vegetation zones
- 区域内设有25公顷科研监测样地，据样地调查统计：有乔木66种、草本202种、大型真菌145种
A 25-hectare research plot within the area records 66 tree species, 202 herbaceous plants, and 145 fungi species
景观层次 / Scenic Layers (from near to far):
- 第一层：脚下的高山草甸，平缓而起伏 / Layer 1: Alpine meadow beneath your feet — gently rolling landscape
- 第二层：草甸边缘的原始森林，形成天然屏障 / Layer 2: Primeval forest at the meadow's edge — natural barrier
- 第三层：玉龙雪山，高耸入云，巍峨壮观 / Layer 3: Yulong Snow Mountain — towering into clouds
【四季景观】 Seasonal Views:
- 春季 / Spring: 碧草连天，山花盛开，万紫千红 / Emerald grasslands with blooming flowers — a riot of colors
- 夏季 / Summer: 青草茂盛，树木葱茏，生机勃勃 / Lush vegetation — vibrant and full of life
- 秋季 / Autumn: 草地泛黄，秋色宜人 / Golden grasslands — serene and beautiful
- 冬季 / Winter: 银装素裹，一个洁白的世界 / Snow-covered landscape — pristine white world
【纳西族文化】 Naxi Cultural Significance:
现在，让我给大家讲述一个悲壮而浪漫的纳西族爱情传说——《云杉坪的情死传说》。这个故事已经在纳西文化中流传了千百年。
Allow me to share a poignant yet romantic Naxi legend about Yunshan Ping — a story passed down through Naxi culture for centuries.
传说故事梗概 / Legend Summary:
从前，在玉龙山下有一对深情的恋人——阿若和阿命。他们的自由爱情遭到了世俗的反对，但他们对爱情的执着和忠贞是坚定不移的。最终，他们选择在云杉坪这片圣地殉情，以期在理想的"玉龙第三国"中永远相守。
Long ago, two lovers — Aro and Aming — lived beneath Yulong Mountain. Their love was forbidden by society, yet their devotion was unwavering. Ultimately, they chose to unite in death on Yunshan Ping, hoping to be reunited forever in the mythical "Yulong Third Kingdom."
这个故事表达了纳西族对自由爱情的追求和对理想世界的向往。云杉坪因此成为了一个神圣而悲壮的地方，成为了纳西族青年表达爱情的象征。
This legend embodies the Naxi people's pursuit of free love and their yearning for an ideal world. Yunshan Ping thus became a sacred and tragic symbol of romantic devotion in Naxi culture.
【"玉龙第三国"的神话】 The Myth of "Yulong Third Kingdom":
根据东巴经的记载，"玉龙第三国"是纳西族想象中的理想天国。在这个国度里：
According to Dongba religious texts, the "Yulong Third Kingdom" is the Naxi's imagined paradise:
- 有穿不完的绫罗绸缎 / Endless silks and satins
- 吃不完的鲜果珍品 / Unlimited fresh fruits and delicacies
- 喝不完的美酒甜奶 / Endless fine wines and sweet milk
- 用不完的金沙银团 / Boundless gold and silver treasures
- 火红斑虎当乘骑 / Scarlet tigers as steeds
- 银角花鹿来耕耘 / Silver-horned deer as plowmates
- 永远青年不变衰老 / Eternal youth — never growing old
这个理想国代表了纳西族对美好生活的追求和想象。
This idealized realm represents the Naxi's aspirations and imagination of perfect happiness.
【六月火把节的祭祀】 June Torch Festival Traditions:
每年农历六月，特别是火把节期间，居住在玉龙雪山附近村寨的纳西族青年男女，都会捧着爱神的具像，来到云杉坪祭祀爱神和情死鬼。他们编制标志第一对情死者（开美和于勒排）的纸人，来纪念这段古老的爱情故事。
Each year during the June Torch Festival, Naxi youth from nearby villages come to Yunshan Ping with offerings to honor their love deity and those who died for love. They create paper figures commemorating Kami and Yulepayi, the legendary first couple who died for love.
这是一种对爱情执着和精神升华的独特表达方式。
This is a unique way of expressing unwavering devotion and spiritual transcendence through love.
【民族歌舞表演】 Ethnic Dance Performances:
在云杉坪四周，你们会看到身着鲜艳民族服饰的姑娘在草甸上、森林间轻歌曼舞。其中：
Around Yunshan Ping, you'll see girls in vibrant ethnic costumes performing traditional dances:
- 身背"披星戴月"服饰的是纳西族姑娘 / Those wearing "Star and Moon" capes are Naxi girls
- 头戴彩线锣锅帽的是彝族姑娘 / Those wearing colorful-thread headscarves are Yi girls
她们的歌舞为这片神圣的雪域草甸增添了活力和色彩。
Their songs and dances bring vitality and color to this sacred alpine meadow.
【注意事项和安全提示】 Precautions and Safety Tips:
- 高原反应防范 / Altitude sickness prevention:
云杉坪海拔3240米，属于高原气候，初到的游客可能会有轻微高原反应，建议放缓脚步、充分休息
At 3,240 meters, this is a high-altitude area. First-time visitors may experience mild altitude sickness; please walk slowly and rest adequately.
- 步行和活动 / Walking and activities:
从缆车上部站需要步行约15分钟穿过原始森林才能到达云杉坪；景区四周有环形木栈道，游人可以绕行；体力不足的游客可以乘坐电瓶车
The walk through primeval forest from the upper cable station takes about 15 minutes. A circular wooden boardwalk encircles the meadow, and electric carts are available for those with limited mobility.
- 动物安全 / Wildlife safety:
景区常有牛羊活动，请勿近距离惊扰；不要偏离栈道进入草地或森林深处，以免遭遇山蚂蟥或其他野生动物
Cattle and sheep frequent the area — do not startle them. Stay on marked paths to avoid leeches and wild animals in deep grass or forest.
- 体力考量 / Physical considerations:
高海拔环境体力消耗更快，请根据自身情况量力而行，如有不适及时告知工作人员
High altitude increases physical exertion. Pace yourself according to your condition, and inform staff if you feel unwell.
总结 / CONCLUSION
各位同学，我们今天的玉龙雪山之旅就要接近尾声了。这座被纳西族奉为圣山的玉龙雪山，集自然之壮美、地质之奇妙、人文之深厚于一身。
Students, our Yulong Snow Mountain journey is drawing to a close. This sacred mountain revered by the Naxi people combines natural grandeur, geological wonders, and rich cultural heritage.
从地理学的角度，我们学习了山地地形、植被垂直分布、冰川地貌、水文循环等知识。
From geography, we've learned about mountain topography, vegetation zonation, glacial landforms, and hydrological cycles.
从人文学的角度，我们了解了纳西族独特的爱情文化和民族信仰。
From cultural studies, we've gained insight into Naxi traditions and their unique expressions of love and spirituality.
这次研学之旅希望能够拓展大家的视野，加深大家对自然和文化的理解。
This educational journey aims to broaden your perspectives and deepen your understanding of both natural and cultural diversity.
感谢大家的参与，祝大家旅途愉快！
Thank you all for your participation. Safe travels and lasting memories!
文旅大观
Cultural and Tourism Overview
