各位游客朋友们，大家好！欢迎来到中国大陆第一个国家公园——普达措国家公园。我是今天陪同大家游览的导游，接下来就由我带大家走进这片高原上的人间秘境。

先给大家说点基本情况：普达措位于香格里拉市以东22公里，是国家5A级旅游景区，咱们全程游览下来大概需要4到6个小时，时间很充裕，大家可以慢慢逛、好好感受。

游玩小贴士

出发前先跟大家说几点注意事项，大家记一下，玩起来更省心：

开放时间：园区执行淡旺季分时运营，4-10月旺季08:00-17:00，11月-次年3月淡季08:00-16:00，15:30停止入园，请大家把控好时间，别耽误入园和返程集合。

门票说明：全价套票138元/人，包含景区门票及观光车票，保险需另行购买。全日制本科及以下学生、60-69周岁老年人可享半价优惠；现役军人、退役军人、残疾军人、残疾人、6周岁（含）以下或身高1.2米（含）以下儿童、70周岁（含）以上老年人凭有效证件免票入园。

高原反应：咱们景区海拔都在3000米以上，氧气稀薄，很容易出现高反。大家走路慢一点，别跑跳、别做剧烈运动，要是觉得头晕、胸闷，一定要及时说。

交通提醒：景区路况很好，香格里拉客运站每天有固定客运班车往返景区，也可以选择打车或者包车出行。打车来的朋友最好留一下司机的联系方式，免得返程的时候不好叫车。

游览路线

咱们今天的经典游览路线是：从入口霞给村出发 → 属都湖 → 洛茸民族文化村 → 弥里塘草甸 → 碧塔海，一路风景层层递进，越往里走越惊艳。

可能很多朋友好奇，"普达措"这个名字听起来特别有韵味，它到底是什么意思呢？ 其实"普达措"是梵语和藏语的音译。2007年6月21日，普达措正式揭牌，成为中国大陆第一个国家公园。"普达"在佛教里意为"观音菩萨的圣土"，"措"是藏语"湖"的意思，合起来就是"普度众生，渡苦海至涅槃"的寓意。 藏地古籍里记载，普达措的湖水有"八功德"：甘、凉、软、轻、净、洁、益喉、养胃；湖中央还有一座珍珠般的小岛，宛如佛教圣地。后来学者考证发现，古书中记载的"普达措"，就是如今的碧塔海。所以当碧塔海和属都湖一同划入国家公园时，就沿用了"普达措"这个承载着历史与信仰的名字。

普达措国家公园试点区总面积约602平方公里，地处三江并流世界自然遗产的核心区域。园区最高点是弥里塘草甸的北峰，海拔4159米；核心游览区最低点在碧塔海东侧，海拔3200米，整个公园海拔跨度为2347米至4670米。 这里兼具绝佳的自然生态与浓郁的民族风情：自然方面，生物多样性极高，有镜面般的高原湖泊、繁花盛放的湿地、茂密的原始森林、陡峭的山崖、潺潺的溪流与峡谷，还有无数珍稀动植物；人文方面，你能沉浸式感受藏族的宗教文化、农耕游牧民俗与传统建筑。不管是生态价值还是游览体验，都堪称一流。

目前开放的游览区主要由四部分组成：北边的属都湖、南边的碧塔海，以及弥里塘草甸和洛茸民族文化村。四个景点由一条69公里的环形公路串联，景区区间车全程顺时针行驶——这也是藏民转经的方向，沿途设有多个停靠站，大家到点下车游玩即可。

公园大门设在霞给村，村口有不少藏族手工艺品作坊，陶器、木器、银器、角雕应有尽有，感兴趣的朋友待会儿可以逛逛。

第一站：属都湖

坐区间车从大门往北走14公里，大概20分钟就到属都湖了。 属都湖面积120公顷，长2.8公里、宽0.7公里，是一座被草甸环绕的典型高原湖泊。"属都"在藏语里是"奶酪如石般坚实"的意思——这里的草虽短但营养极高，牦牛产的奶能制成品质上佳的奶酪，自古以来就是藏民游牧的重要据点，水草丰美，适合放牧。

湖边有一条2.7公里的木栈道，步行全程约45分钟。走在栈道上，两岸山色倒映在水中，宛如一幅流动的油画。湖水澄澈，空气清冽，水天一色，耳边是溪流叮咚、鸟儿啼鸣，鼻尖是漫山花草的香气，真的像误入了童话世界。

属都湖的出水口叫"当曲卡"，藏语意为"用棍打鱼"。过去藏民有不食鱼的传统，湖里鱼群繁盛，随手拿木棍就能打到。后来随着外来人口迁入和周边水电开发，本土野生鱼类曾一度减少，经过多年生态保护，种群数量正在逐步恢复。

值得一提的是，属都湖片区几乎未受人类活动干扰，完整保存了寒温带原始针叶林、亚高山草甸、沼泽草甸和水生植被。阔叶林既有常绿树种也有落叶树种，湖南岸观景台附近的亚高山冷杉林长势极佳。 作为普达措主要的植被分布区，这里有云杉、冷杉、红杉、高山松四大针叶树种。林间还垂挂着许多长达一米、如丝绸般的松萝，藏语称"松洛"，是地衣类植物。它既是传统藏药，可治风湿、跌打损伤与咳嗽，还能提取香精，经济价值很高。整体而言，属都湖片区完美展现了高原湿地的典型风貌，生物多样且珍稀。

第二站：弥里塘草甸

坐着区间车穿过原始森林，没几分钟就到弥里塘了。"弥里塘"藏语意为"佛眼草甸"，是香格里拉知名的高山牧场。 整片牧场面积240公顷，长4.5公里、宽0.5公里。站在观景台上极目远眺，整个人都会觉得心旷神怡。 春天百花盛放时，蓝天白云、雪山草甸、藏式民居、牛羊牧民交织在一起，像一幅徐徐展开的天然画卷；夏天草场如绿缎般顺滑，牛羊星星点点散落在上面，好似散落的珍珠；不远处的牧棚，是牧民歇脚避雨的地方。到了冬天，牧民会把牲畜赶到低海拔地区，牧棚空置下来，这里就成了鹤、大雁与各类珍稀鸟类的天堂，无人惊扰，自在栖息。

第三站：洛茸民族文化村

第三站我们来到洛茸民族文化村。"洛茸"在藏语里意为"与世隔绝的地方"，因地处深山、早年交通不便而得名，是公园内唯一的原生藏族村落。 村子由上村、中村、下村三个自然村组成，半掩在山谷之中，活脱脱一幅"人与自然和谐共生"的画卷。在这里你能真切感受到藏民的日常生活，而牦牛、藏獒、松茸是他们生活里的三件宝：

牦牛不用多说，产奶、驮运、提供肉食，是牧民最重要的生活伙伴；

藏獒则是牧民的守护神，勇猛警觉，一只藏獒就能看管两百多只羊或上百头牛；

还有松茸，是当地的特产和重要收入来源。松茸富含多种人体必需氨基酸，味道鲜美，食用与经济价值极高。但松茸人工培育难度极大，因此愈发珍贵。普达措所在的迪庆州是国内松茸核心主产区，周边山林出产的松茸品质优异。

第四站：碧塔海

咱们这条生态旅游线的最后一站，是位于公园南部的碧塔海。碧塔海早在1993年就启动旅游开发，2005年被评为云南省3A级景区，是公园的核心景点。 湖面海拔3539米，湿地植被、水生植物群落、高山牧场资源丰富，素来有"高原明珠"的美誉。

来碧塔海，最不能错过的就是大名鼎鼎的"杜鹃醉鱼"奇景。湖边长满了杜鹃花，每年农历五月中旬（公历六七月）杜鹃盛放时，一种叫中甸叶须鱼（俗称重唇鱼）的本土特有鱼类会游到湖面吞食杜鹃花瓣。杜鹃花有轻微毒性，鱼吃了之后就会翻着白肚浮在水面，像喝醉了一样，花瓣与鱼肚交相辉映，特别有趣。当地人说，晚上还会有黑熊下山来捕食这些"醉鱼"，也是当地一大趣谈。

游览碧塔海有两种方式： 一种是走湖边木栈道，目前核心湖区正处于生态保护修复期，环湖栈道暂未全线开放，大家可游览湖尾生态段，沿途会经过朝圣台、妙音塘等景点。站在观景处俯瞰全景，碧塔海就像一块绿宝石镶嵌在苍翠的林海之中。 另一种是到码头坐游船环湖，可以近距离观赏湖中央的小岛。岛上长满了云杉、冷杉与杜鹃，树木参天、覆盖如毡，"碧塔"为藏语音译，意为"栎树成毡之地"，也因此得名。岛上还有明代木氏土司修建的藏传佛教寺院遗址，留存有古寺墙基、石板路面等遗迹，很有历史韵味。

在藏地民间文化中，人们认为碧塔海的山水地貌天然对应藏传佛教的"八吉祥徽"：法轮、白螺、宝伞、经幢、莲花、宝瓶、金鱼、吉祥结。大家可以发挥想象力，在小岛、湖泊、山峦、树木、清泉、溪流间找找这八种意象，也算是旅途中的小乐趣，这也让普达措多了一层深厚的文化魅力。

最后跟大家说说，普达措一年四季各有各的美：春天高山草甸百花烂漫，沉醉不知归路；夏天满目苍翠，清凉又舒适；秋天层林尽染，是色彩最丰富的季节；冬天白雪覆盖大地，静谧又神秘。

湖水澄澈见底，空气清新通透，蓝天白云，林海鸟鸣，说普达措是一片没有污染的人间仙境，真的一点都不为过。

好了，我的讲解就先到这里。接下来大家可以自由游览，注意安全，咱们约定的时间在停车场集合。祝大家玩得尽兴！

Potatso National Park English Tour Guide Script

Hello everyone! Welcome to Potatso National Park – the very first national park in mainland China. I'm your tour guide today, and I'll be showing you around this stunning highland paradise.

First, a quick bit of background. Potatso lies 22 kilometers east of Shangri-La. It's a 5A-level national scenic area, and the full tour takes about 4 to 6 hours, so we've got plenty of time to take everything in at a relaxed pace.

Travel Tips

Before we start, here are a few quick tips to make your trip smoother:

Opening Hours: The park operates different schedules for peak and off-peak seasons. It is open from 8:00 am to 5:00 pm during the peak season (April–October), and from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm during the off-peak season (November–March). Last entry is at 3:30 pm. Please keep track of time so we don't miss entry or our meeting time later.

Tickets: Full-price combined tickets are 138 yuan per person, including park admission and shuttle bus fare – insurance is not included. Full-time students (undergraduate level and below) and seniors aged 60–69 enjoy half-price concessions. Active-duty military personnel, veterans, disabled veterans, people with disabilities, children under 6 years old (or under 1.2 meters tall), and seniors over 70 years old get free admission with valid certificates.

Altitude Sickness: We're over 3,000 meters above sea level here, so altitude sickness is common. Take it slow when you walk – no running or strenuous exercise. Let me know right away if you feel dizzy or short of breath.

Transportation: The roads around here are great. There are regular shuttle buses between Shangri-La Bus Station and the park every day. You can also take a taxi or charter a car. If you came by taxi, be sure to save the driver's number – it can be tricky to find a ride back.

Our Route

Today we'll follow the classic route: start at Xiagei Village (the entrance) → Shudu Lake → Luorong Ethnic Cultural Village → Militang Meadow → Bita Lake. The scenery just builds and builds the deeper we go.

A lot of people ask: what does "Potatso" mean? It's a transliteration from Sanskrit and Tibetan. The park officially opened on June 21, 2007, as mainland China's first national park. "Pota" means "sacred land of the Goddess of Mercy" in Buddhism, and cuo is the Tibetan word for lake. Together, it carries the meaning of "ferrying all living beings across the sea of suffering to reach nirvana".

Ancient Tibetan writings say the water of Potatso has "eight merits": it's sweet, cool, soft, light, pure, clean, and soothing to the throat and stomach. There's also a tiny pearl-like island in the lake, said to mirror the sacred land of Buddhism. Later research confirmed that the "Potatso" in old records is actually today's Bita Lake. So when Bita Lake and Shudu Lake were combined into one national park, they kept this historic, spiritually meaningful name.

The pilot zone of Potatso National Park covers about 602 square kilometers, right in the core of the Three Parallel Rivers World Heritage Site. The highest point is the north peak of Militang Meadow at 4,159 meters. The lowest point in the core tourist area is east of Bita Lake at 3,200 meters, while the overall elevation range of the entire park is 2,347 to 4,670 meters.

Potatso is blessed with both incredible nature and rich ethnic culture. On the nature side, you'll find amazing biodiversity: mirror-smooth alpine lakes, flower-filled marshes, dense old-growth forests, cliffs, gurgling streams, valleys, and all kinds of rare plants and animals. On the culture side, you'll get a real taste of Tibetan life – from religion and farming to nomadic herding, folklore, and traditional architecture. It's both ecologically priceless and really wonderful to explore.

Right now, the main tourist area has four sections: Shudu Lake in the north, Bita Lake in the south, Militang Meadow, and Luorong Ethnic Cultural Village. They're connected by a 69-kilometer ring road. Our shuttle buses drive clockwise – the same direction Tibetans turn their prayer wheels – with several stops along the way.

The park gate is at Xiagei Village. There are lots of Tibetan handicraft workshops there: pottery, wooden tools, silverware, horn carvings, and more. Feel free to browse if you're interested.

Stop 1: Shudu Lake

Our first stop is Shudu Lake, 14 kilometers north of the gate – about a 20-minute ride on the shuttle. Shudu Lake covers 120 hectares, 2.8 kilometers long and 0.7 kilometers wide. It's a classic alpine lake surrounded by meadows. "Shudu" means "cheese as solid as stone" in Tibetan. The grass here is short but super nutrient-dense, so yak milk from this area makes really high-quality cheese. For centuries, this was a key nomadic spot for Tibetans – great water, great grass, perfect for grazing.

There's a 2.7-kilometer plank trail along the lake, and it takes about 45 minutes to walk the whole way. The mountain reflections on the water look just like a flowing oil painting. Clear water, fresh mountain air, sky and lake blending into one, plus the sound of streams and birdsong and the fragrance of wildflowers all around you – it really feels like stepping into a fairy tale.

The lake's outlet is called "Dangquka", which means "fishing with sticks". Traditionally, Tibetans didn't eat fish, so the lake was teeming with them – you could literally catch fish with a wooden stick. As more people moved in and local hydropower projects were built, native fish populations once declined. After years of ecological protection, the populations are now gradually recovering.

The best part? The Shudu Lake area has barely been touched by humans. It has fully intact frigid-temperate coniferous forests, subalpine meadows, marsh meadows, and aquatic plants. The broadleaf forest has both evergreen and deciduous trees, and the subalpine Delavay fir forest near the south-bank viewing platform is exceptionally well preserved.

As one of Potatso's main vegetation zones, this area is home to four major conifer species: spruce, Delavay fir, redwood, and alpine pine. You'll also see long, silk-like plants hanging from the trees – some over a meter long. They're called sunglo, a type of lichen. It's a traditional Tibetan herbal remedy for rheumatism, injuries, and coughs, and it's also used to make essential oils. All in all, Shudu Lake is a perfect example of a healthy, diverse alpine wetland.

Stop 2: Militang Meadow

A short shuttle ride through the old-growth forest brings us to Militang. The name means "Buddha's eye grassland" in Tibetan, and it's one of Shangri-La's most famous highland pastures.

The pasture covers 240 hectares – 4.5 kilometers long and half a kilometer wide. Stand on the viewing platform and look out, and you'll instantly feel calm and awestruck.

In spring, when wildflowers bloom, it's like watching a landscape painting slowly unfold before you: blue sky, fluffy clouds, snow-capped mountains, green meadows, Tibetan houses, cattle, goats, and herders all woven together – utterly enchanting, you could lose track of time. In summer, the grass is as smooth as green satin, with cows and sheep dotted across it like pearls. There are herder huts nearby for shelter. In winter, herders move their livestock down to lower altitudes, so the huts sit empty – and the meadow becomes a quiet paradise for cranes, wild geese, and rare birds, completely undisturbed.

Stop 3: Luorong Ethnic Cultural Village

Next up is Luorong Ethnic Cultural Village. "Luorong" means "a secluded place" in Tibetan, named for its remote location in the mountains and poor transportation in early times. It is the only native Tibetan village inside the park.

The village is made up of three smaller settlements – upper, middle, and lower – tucked into the valley. It's the perfect picture of "humans living in harmony with nature". Here you'll get a real glimpse of Tibetan daily life, and three things are at the heart of it: yaks, Tibetan mastiffs, and matsutake mushrooms.

Yaks do it all: they provide milk, carry heavy loads, and are a key food source for locals.

Tibetan mastiffs are the guardians of the herders. Brave and sharp, one mastiff can watch over 200 goats or 100 cattle.

Then there's matsutake, a local specialty and major source of income. This prized mushroom is packed with essential amino acids, tastes incredible, and has extremely high edible and economic value. But it's extremely hard to grow artificially, which makes it more and more precious. Diqing Prefecture, where Potatso is located, is one of the core matsutake producing areas in China, with mushrooms of excellent quality.

Stop 4: Bita Lake

Our final stop on this eco-route is Bita Lake, in the southern part of the park. Bita Lake was first developed for tourism back in 1993, and became a 3A scenic spot in Yunnan in 2005. It's the crown jewel of the park.

The lake sits at 3,539 meters above sea level, with rich wetland vegetation, aquatic plant communities, and highland pastures. That's why it's known as the "Pearl of the Highlands".

The most famous sight here is the magical "drunken fish" phenomenon. The lake is ringed with azalea bushes. Around mid-May on the lunar calendar – that's June or July – when the azaleas bloom, a local endemic fish called the Zhongdian leaf barb (commonly known as thick-lip fish) swims to the surface and eats the petals. The petals are slightly poisonous, so the fish get a little "drunk" and float on their backs, white bellies up. The delicate flower petals and snowy-white fish bellies create a charming and enchanting visual display. Locals say bears even come down at night to catch these drunken fish – quite the amusing tale!

There are two ways to explore Bita Lake: One is to walk the lakeside plank trail. Currently, the core lake area is under ecological protection and restoration, so the full lakeside trail is not yet open to the public. You can visit the ecological section at the lake's tail, passing spots like the Pilgrim Platform and Miaoyin Pond along the way. From the viewing spot, you get a panoramic view – the lake looks like a glowing green gem set in deep green forest. The other option is to take a boat cruise from the pier, circling the lake.

You'll get a close-up view of the island in the middle. It's covered with spruce, fir, and azaleas, with tall trees spreading like a felt blanket over the land. "Bita" is a Tibetan transliteration meaning "a place where oak trees spread like felt" – that's how the lake got its name. There are also ruins of a Tibetan Buddhist monastery built by the Mu Chieftain during the Ming Dynasty on the island, with ancient temple foundations and stone paths remaining, which are of great historical value.

In local Tibetan folk culture, people believe the landscape of Bita Lake naturally forms the "Eight Auspicious Symbols" of Tibetan Buddhism: the Dharma wheel, white conch, treasure umbrella, scripture pillar, lotus, sacred vase, golden fish, and endless knot. Use your imagination – you can spot them all in the island, the lake, the mountains, the trees, the springs, and the streams. It adds such a special cultural layer to Potatso.

One last thing: Potatso is beautiful in every season. In spring, alpine meadows burst with wildflowers – so enchanting you could lose track of time. In summer, endless green makes it cool and refreshing. In autumn, the forests light up with every shade of red, orange, and gold. And in winter, snow covers everything – quiet, mysterious, and utterly peaceful.

With crystal-clear water, fresh mountain air, blue skies, ancient forests, and birdsong all around, it's no wonder people call Potatso a pollution-free fairyland.

Alright, that's my introduction for now. Feel free to explore at your own pace, stay safe, and we'll meet back at the parking lot at the time we agreed on. Enjoy your time in Potatso!